ABSTRACT
Then project Geographical information technology (GIS) being a computerized based system which enable users to collect, store process, analyse and present spatial data. The new system is adopted for the easy accessibility, minimizing losses, reliable referencing and eliminating the manual system. Problem I encounter during this work was difficult to access some software, handling of hardware and financial instability which I applied a systematic approach, some help of experts and write-up .the method of data collection includes interview and research work. The project been a web based work, the implemented tools used were Compaq desktop pc installed with macromedia Dreamweaver ,atlas book, global positioning system(GPS), Mozilla Firefox, macromedia flash player , micro media fireworks mx a web application package. Which was implemented using expert system methodology the reason for this is because expert system is a knowledge field on its own and also a helper software assistance?
INTRODUCTION
(GIS) are computer-based systems that enable
users to collect, store, and process, analyze and present spatial data. It
provides an electronic representation of information, called spatial data,
about the Earth’s natural and man-made features. A GIS references these
real-world spatial data elements to a Coordinate system. These features can be
separated into different layers. A GIS system stores each category of
information in a separate "layer" for ease of maintenance, analysis,
and visualization. For Example, layers can represent terrain characteristics,
census data, demographics information, Environmental and ecological data,
roads, land use, river drainage and flood plains, and rare wildlife habitats.
Different applications create and use different layers. A GIS can also store
attribute data, which is descriptive information of the map features. This attribute
information is placed in a database Separate from the graphics data but is
linked to them. A GIS allows the examination of both spatial and Attribute data
at the same time. Also, a GIS lets users search the attribute data and relate
it to the spatial data.
Therefore, a GIS can combine geographic and
other types of data to! Generate maps and Reports, enabling users to
collect, manage, and interpret location-based information in a planned and
systematic way. In short, a GIS can be defined as a computer system capable of
assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically
referencedinformation.GIS systems are dynamic and permit rapid updating
analysis, and display. They use data from many diverse sources such as
satellite imagery, aerial photos, maps, ground surveys, and global positioning
systems (GPS). Geographical concepts,
application and system it is an application for business and government,
choosing of site for business. Targeting market segments, planning distribution
network responding to engines and or re drawing of site or cites boundaries,
this entire problem involves the question system geography. I With geographical
information or street within network. However, in planning geographical
information system, you choose a layer and then players of how it all works
together. You choose what question you need to answer. Our area of focus will
be a computer based geographical information system. Using Geographical
information system of Osisatech polytechnic, Enugu, as a case study: This
program will be designed and implemented on decision about and the view of the
domain objects.
1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
aim of the study is to design and implement the new system with the following
objectives.
1. To maximize the efficiency of decision making and
planning.
2. To provide efficient means for data distribution and
handling.
3. The integration of queries involving geographical
reference data for generation of new information.
4. To update data quickly and at the minimum cost.
5.
The eradication of
the duplicated data.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project is connected with seeing and sight. Directly tracing an
object on top of map and having view for the domain object. This search work
attempts to cover various role and impact, the effectiveness geographical
information system in Nigeria. Taking a case study of Osisatech Polytechnic, Enugu.
The boundaries of this work are center on the concept, nature! and the theoretical
framework of geographical information system.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this research is to design and implement efficient
system for locating the position of geographical reference data directly on
maps and to have the view of the domain object. It is significant at developing
and implementing a simple, but click to view information which is spatially
reference to the earth to support information system reality. However, the
initial |steps taking when first planning GIS will determine the extent,
success of collection. Getting started on the right path, weighing the design
issues and choosing paper tools and method from the outset leads to this
fruitful Implantation of GIS. Always in
characterizing information system the expected result, the product of the
efforts will delicate much of the process which will lead to choose desire
result.Thus, a programmer must first define several parameters regarding the
output of the GIS
I.
Which background
layer will be used?
II.
How often maps
will be printed?
III.
How large and area
in the map will cover?
IV.
What scale and how
large a printout are needed?
V.
The user to
receiver copies of maps, and how often?
VI.
What data will appear
and in which format they should be presented?
VII.
Which other
information attribute should include with the maps?
1.5 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Considering the increase in demand for distributed
geographical data to support information which has to do with efficiency and
effectiveness involved and the time in locating and have the view of The domain
object using the traditional methods, and also the disputes that can arise from
properties boundaries, one does not need to hesitate at choosing more efficient
system for locating and viewing geographical data.
Though the project take a case study of Osisatech
Polytechnic, Enugu, but due to some difficulties encountered when carrying out
the project, some certain features like NACOSS president office, Mass
communication HOD’S office, the school toilet were not found on the map.
TOPOGRAPHY: the physical feature of an
area of land
CARTOGRAPHY: this is the process of
drawing or making map
LITHOGRAPHY: the process of printing from
a smooth surface
DIGITALIZATION: the process of transferring
hard copy map or surveying plan into digital medium
CRIMINOLOGY: the scientific study of
crime or criminal
MAP: diagram of an area showing
the physical features cities and road
DESIGN: to decide how the system
will look like
IMPLEMENTATION: the process of putting
something into effect
VIDEO: type of magnetic tape or
disc that is used to record picture and sounds
COMPUTERIZATION: the use of computer in doing
some job that have been done manually
DIGITAL CAMERAS: a special camera for making
video film.